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本研究采用12对引物对14个云南主栽品种及其5个原始亲本材料进行SSR多态性分析,明确了其遗传差异。结果表明:①扩增的条带总数为242条,其中多态性带为237条,多态率为97.93%,说明供试材料在遗传上存在较大差异;②供试材料间的遗传相似系数为0.45~0.86,其中4个云蔗品种与原始亲本中的大茎野生种、春尼、印度割手密1号的遗传距离较远,而与黑车里本、印度割手密2的遗传距离较近;③聚类结果显示,19个供试材料划可分为四大类:第一大类包括大茎野生种、新台糖10、桂糖11;第二大类包括黑车里本、4个新台糖、3个粤糖、4个云蔗、1个闽糖;第三大类仅包括春尼;第四大类则包括2个印度割手密。而第二大类又可分出两个亚类,其中一个亚类包括黑车里本、4个云蔗,说明它们的亲缘关系较近;另一个亚类包括3个粤糖、新台糖16、闽糖69-421,而在3个粤糖品种中,粤糖93-159和粤糖00-236又聚在了一个亚类,这与系谱记录中显示二者是姊妹系的血缘关系相吻合。在今后甘蔗选育过程中,应加重大茎野生种的利用,减轻热带种黑车里本的利用,提高云南甘蔗栽培品种遗传多样性。
In this study, 12 pairs of primers were used to analyze the SSR polymorphism of 14 Yunnan cultivars and their 5 original parents, and the genetic differences were clarified. The results showed that: ① The total number of bands amplified was 242, of which the number of polymorphic bands was 237 and the polymorphism rate was 97.93%, indicating that there was a large genetic difference in the tested materials; ② The genetic similarity between the tested materials Coefficient of 0.45 ~ 0.86, of which 4 cloud cane varieties and the original parent of the large stem wild species, Chunni, India’s Jokatam 1 genetic distance farther, The results of cluster analysis showed that the 19 test materials could be divided into four categories: the first category consisted of the large stem wild species, the new Taiwan sugar 10 and the gui sugar 11; the second major category included the black car, 4 new Taiwan sugar, 3 Guangdong sugar, 4 cloud sugarcane, 1 Fujian sugar; the third major category includes only Chunni; the fourth major category includes two Indian cut the secret. The second largest category can be divided into two sub-categories, one of the sub-categories include the black car in this, four cloud sugarcane, indicating that their kinship is close; the other sub-category includes three Guangdong sugar, Fujian sugar 69-421, and in 3 Guangdong sugar varieties, Guangdong sugar 93-159 and Guangdong sugar 00-236 gathered in a subclass, which pedigree records show that the relationship is consistent with the sister line . In the future, sugarcane breeding process should be aggravating the utilization of the large stem wild species, reducing the use of tropical black car and improving the genetic diversity of Yunnan sugarcane cultivars.