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锻件镦粗过程中,宏观模型与微观模型具有相同的变形过程,即相同压下步数下所用的时间相等。通过测量代表性特征体中所含缩孔闭合时相对应的宏观模型中的压下量,来确定这些特征点区域内缩孔的闭合顺序。在Deform-2D软件中建立平面镦粗模型,由于工件具有对称性,在工件上选取有限个特征点,通过改变温度、应变速率及缩孔尺寸大小来进行模拟,选取合适的模型压下量,得知各特征点的闭合顺序受温度和缺陷尺寸的影响比较小,而应变速率的变化将引起特征点闭合顺序发生显著的变化。与实际对比,相同条件下的锻件内部变形区域基本一致,验证了不同变形环境下的不同变形区域内所含缩孔的闭合顺序。
Forging upsetting process, the macro-model and the micro-model has the same deformation process, that the same number of steps under the pressure equal to the time spent. The closure order of the shrinkage cavities in the region of these feature points is determined by measuring the reduction in the macroscopic model corresponding to when the shrinkage cavities contained in the representative features are closed. The plane upsetting model is established in Deform-2D software. Due to the symmetry of the workpiece, a finite number of feature points are selected on the workpiece. The temperature, strain rate and size of the shrinkage cavity are used to simulate the workpiece. It is found that the closing order of each feature point is less affected by the temperature and the defect size, while the change of the strain rate will cause a significant change in the closure order of the feature points. Compared with the actual situation, the deformation area of the forging under the same conditions is basically the same, which verifies the closing order of craters in different deformation zones under different deformation conditions.