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目的了解2014—2016年北京市海淀区自备井的水质卫生状况和变化趋势,确保自备井水的卫生安全,为今后加强自备井的卫生监督管理,保障居民安全饮水提供科学依据。方法按照GB/T 5750-2006)《生活饮用水标准检验方法》进行样品采样和检验,依据GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对水质检测结果进行评价。结果 2014—2016年共检测自备井水478份,总体合格率81.6%。3年合格率分别为83.9%,79.9%,81.0%,不同年份合格率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.891,P>0.05)。检测的17项指标中有7项指标出现过超标情况,其中超标项目前3项为菌落总数、总硬度和氟化物。消毒设施运转正常的自备井合格率高于消毒设施未正常运转的自备井。结论 2014—2016年北京市海淀区自备井水存在一定程度的污染,应加强对自备井的监督管理,采取针对性的改善措施,保障饮水安。
Objective To understand the sanitary status and trend of water quality of self-prepared wells in Haidian District of Beijing from 2014 to 2016, ensure the hygiene and safety of self-prepared well water, and provide scientific basis for strengthening the supervision and management of self-prepared wells in the future and safeguarding safe drinking water for residents. Methods According to GB / T 5750-2006, “Standard Test Method for Domestic Drinking Water” samples were taken and tested, and water quality test results were evaluated according to GB 5749-2006 “Drinking Water Quality Standard”. Results A total of 478 wells of self-made water were detected during 2014-2016, with an overall pass rate of 81.6%. The qualified rates in 3 years were 83.9%, 79.9% and 81.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference in passing rate in different years (χ ~ 2 = 0.891, P> 0.05). Of the 17 indicators tested, 7 exceeded the standard, of which 3 were the total number of colonies, total hardness and fluoride. The qualified rate of self-prepared wells with normal operation of disinfection facilities is higher than the self-prepared wells with normal operation of disinfection facilities. Conclusion The 2014-2016 self-provided well water in Beijing Haidian District has some pollution. We should strengthen the supervision and management of self-prepared wells and take targeted improvement measures to ensure drinking water safety.