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目的探讨嗜热四膜虫在水质监测中的应用。方法采集广州段几处水体培养嗜热四膜虫,分析种群数量和世代时间的变化。同时测定水体中非生物环境因子,在此基础上分析四膜虫生物指标与水质指标的相关性。结果 (1)与对照组相比,四膜虫生长速度呈中游>下游>上游的分布,世代时间呈上游>下游>中游分布,多重比较和聚类分析显示中游与上、下游差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)生化需氧量中游为Ⅲ类标准,其他均超过Ⅴ类标准。溶解氧为Ⅱ~Ⅴ类水标准。氨氮超过Ⅴ类标准。高锰酸盐指数为Ⅱ~Ⅴ类标准。中游的金属元素为Ⅰ类标准,上游和下游的铅、铜均为Ⅲ类标准,六价铬超过Ⅴ类标准。石油类上游和中游低于标准限值(1 mg·L~(-1)),下游比标准限值高出1倍以上。(3)四膜虫世代时间与五日生化需氧量、氨氮呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论广州段上游和下游受有机物、重金属污染突出,下游石油类污染严重。四膜虫的世代时间对该流域中的BOD5、氨氮指标有初步指示作用。
Objective To investigate the application of Tetrahymenmosis in water quality monitoring. Methods Several Tetrahymena thermophila strains were collected from several water bodies in Guangzhou section to analyze the changes of population quantity and generation time. At the same time, the non-biological environmental factors in water were determined. On the basis of this, the correlation between the biological indicators of Tetrahymena and water quality indicators was analyzed. Results (1) Compared with the control group, the growth rate of Tetrahymena was in the middle> downstream> upstream distribution, the generation time was upstream> downstream> middle distribution, multiple comparison and cluster analysis showed that the middle and upstream, the downstream difference was statistically Significance (P <0.05). (2) The middle reaches of biochemical oxygen demand is Class III standard, others exceed Grade V standard. Dissolved oxygen as Ⅱ ~ Ⅴ water standard. Ammonia nitrogen exceeds Class V standards. Permanganate index for Ⅱ ~ Ⅴ standard. The middle reaches of the metal elements for the Class Ⅰ standard, the upstream and downstream of lead, copper are Class Ⅲ standard, hexavalent chromium exceeds the Ⅴ standard. The upper and middle reaches of petroleum are lower than the standard limit (1 mg · L -1), and the downstream limit is more than one times higher than the standard limit. (3) Tetrahymena times had positive correlation with biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen on the 5th (P <0.05). Conclusion The upper reaches and lower reaches of Guangzhou section are heavily polluted by organic matter and heavy metals while the downstream petroleum pollution is serious. Tetrahymena generation time on the basin of BOD5, ammonia nitrogen indicators have an initial indication.