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本文采用Thomas倒置“W”多位点取样,及田间系统调查方法,调查得出呼和浩特市托克托县紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)田的杂草种类,经鉴定共有32种杂草分属11科,主要以菊科、藜科杂草为主,其次是禾本科、豆科杂草。在第一茬刈割后的主要杂草为草木犀(Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb)、猪毛菜(Salsola collina Pall.)、猪秧秧(Galium aparine L.)、雀麦(Bromus japonicus Thunb),在第二次刈割后的杂草主要为飞廉(Carduus crispus L.)、花花柴(Kareliniacaspia(Pall.)Less.)、猪毛菜(Salsola collina Pall.)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv)等。同时,调查了各类杂草的发生程度、生长特性、覆盖度、株高,计算了相对多度、危害率指标,旨在分析不同杂草对苜蓿的危害性,以期为紫花苜蓿科学生产管理、草情草害监测及杂草有效防治提供理论基础。
In this paper, Thomas inversion “W ” multi-site sampling, and field investigation methods were used to investigate the weed species in alfalfa Medicago sativa field in Tuokto County, Hohhot. A total of 32 species of weeds were identified 11 families, mainly Compositae, Chenopodiaceae weeds mainly, followed by grasses, leguminous weeds. The main weed species after the first cropping were Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb, Salsola collina Pall., Galium aparine L., Bromus japonicus Thunb, The secondary weeds were mainly Carduus crispus L., Kareliniacaspia (Pall.) Less., Salsola collina Pall., Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv )Wait. At the same time, the occurrence degree, growth characteristics, coverage and plant height of all kinds of weeds were investigated. Relative abundance and hazard index were calculated to analyze the harmfulness of different weeds to alfalfa in order to manage the production of alfalfa , Grazing grass damage monitoring and effective weed control provide the theoretical basis.