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量子力学中不平常和有意义的结果之一,是预言微观粒子的总能量小于一势垒的势能时,可以隧道效应通过势垒。其重要性在量子力学发展过程中,逐步为大量的实验所证明,并为各个领域的工作者所熟悉和引用,阐明了诸如α-蜕变、热电子发射、场电子发射、强电场中原子的电离等现象,并在金属-半导体整流、隧道二极管、超导体-金属的微波或亚毫米波量子探测器等技术中获得应用。日益增多的事实表明它在不少化学问题中是极重要的,甚至在光合作用和遗传现象中也可能起了作用。
One of the most unusual and significant results in quantum mechanics is predicting that the tunneling effect can pass through the barrier when the total energy of the microscopic particles is less than the potential energy of a potential barrier. Its importance has gradually been demonstrated in a large number of experiments during the development of quantum mechanics and is familiar to and referenced by workers in various fields and elucidates the importance of atomic species such as α-metamorphism, hot electron emission, field electron emission, Ionization and other phenomena, and in metal - semiconductor rectifier, tunnel diode, superconductor - metal microwave or sub-millimeter wave quantum detectors and other technologies to obtain applications. The growing number of facts shows that it is of paramount importance in many chemical issues and may even play a role in photosynthesis and genetic phenomena.