性激素除传统的促性成熟作用外 ,对神经行为发育也有重要影响。围生期是小儿神经行为发育的关键时期 ,该时期影响性激素水平的因素多、变化范围大 ,并且具有性别差异。如何检测及干预围生期性激素水平以更好地促进小儿神经行为发育 ,尚待进一步研究 Sex hormones in addition to the traditional role of sexual maturity, but also have a significant impact on neurobehavioral development. Perinatal period is a critical period in the development of children’s neurological behavior. There are many factors affecting the level of sex hormone in this period, with a wide range of variation and gender differences. How to detect and interfere with the level of perinatal hormones to better promote children’s neurobehavioral development remains to be further studied