论文部分内容阅读
核桃林下产业发展迅速,为了解核桃凋落叶分解的化感作用机制及施肥的缓解效应,以小麦为对象采用盆栽法进行研究.设置两组处理:A组设X_1(30 g/pot)、X_2(60 g/pot)、X_3(90 g/pot)和CK(0 g/pot)4个凋落叶添加水平;B组凋落叶添加量与A组相同,以尿素作底肥(1.0 g/pot)和追肥(3次,每次0.5 g/pot),记为NX_1(30 g/pot)、NX_2(60 g/pot)、NX_3(90 g/pot)和NCK(0 g/pot).结果显示:(1)在A试验组中,核桃凋落叶在分解过程中对小麦株高、地上部分鲜重、单穗粒数、千粒重和单穗产量表现为抑制作用;而B组中,各凋落叶添加量处理小麦的株高、地上部分鲜重无显著差异.就后期的生殖生长而言,同一凋落叶添加量水平下的小麦单穗粒数、千粒重及单盆产量表现为施氮比不施氮均有不同程度提高;(2)凋落叶分解到50 d时对小麦叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性大体表现为抑制作用,80 d时影响减弱甚至表现为促进作用,但各凋落叶处理的丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加;(3)A处理组中,随凋落叶添加量的增大可溶性糖(SS)含量整体呈下降趋势,可溶性蛋白含量(SP)含量却表现为上升趋势,但经施氮处理(B组)后,SS下降的趋势得到遏制,同时还促进了SP的积累.本研究表明核桃凋落叶在分解过程中干扰小麦的抗氧化保护酶系统和渗透调节功能,从而对小麦生长产生了明显的抑制作用,而施用氮肥可以在较大程度上缓解核桃凋落叶对小麦生长和生理代谢的抑制作用.
In order to understand the allelopathic mechanism of decomposition of walnut litter and the alleviating effect of fertilization, potted plants were used for the study of wheat.The two treatments were as follows: group A was set as X_1 (30 g / pot) X 4 (90 g / pot) and CK (0 g / pot) were the best in the treatment of X. The litterfalls in group B were the same as those in group A, and urea (1.0 g / pot) ) And topdressing (0.5 g / pot each time) were recorded as NX_1 (30 g / pot), NX_2 (60 g / pot), NX_3 (90 g / pot) and NCK The results showed that: (1) In the experimental group A, litter of walnut played an inhibitory role on the plant height, fresh weight of the ground, grain per spike, grain weight per 1000 spike and grain yield per spike in the decomposition process of the walnut litter. In the group B, There were no significant differences in the plant height and above-ground fresh weight of leaves when the leaves were treated with leaf.For the later reproductive growth, the numbers of single grain per spike, thousand-grain weight and single-pot yield of wheat with the same amount of litter were N (2) When litter leaves decomposed to 50 d, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in wheat leaves were generally inhibited, and the effect was weaker at 80 d (3) In the A treatment group, the content of soluble sugar (SS) decreased with the increase of the amount of litter, the content of soluble protein (SP) content showed an upward trend, however, the decline trend of SS was checked and the accumulation of SP was promoted after nitrogen application (group B) .The study showed that the litter of walnut interfered with wheat during the decomposition process Antioxidant enzyme system and osmotic adjustment, which had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of wheat. However, the application of nitrogen fertilizer could alleviate the inhibition of the growth and physiological metabolism of walnut litter to a great extent.