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目的了解新疆疏附县10年来法定传染病的发病情况及流行态势,为制定传染病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对疏附县2004—2013年法定传染病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果该县10年间无甲类传染病报告。乙丙类共报告23种32 383例,年平均发病率1 020.96/10万;死亡报告6种36例,年均死亡率1.13/10万。传染病发病率总体呈上升趋势,呼吸道传染病波动不大,肠道传染病发病明显下降,发病率由2004年的289.95/10万下降至2013年48.7/10万;血源及性传播疾病发病呈现明显上升趋势。传染病发病位次发生改变,2004—2011年肺结核居第1位,2012年移居第2位,病毒性乙型肝炎从2004—2007年的第3、4位移入第2位,2012年位居第1位;梅毒和淋病逐渐进入前5位,梅毒2011年居第3位。发病顺位前5位的是肺结核、乙型肝炎,流行性腮腺炎、痢疾、梅毒,占总报告病例的91.68%;死亡顺位前3位的是艾滋病、肺结核、流行性脑脊髓膜炎,占总报告死亡病例的94.44%。结论疏附县传染病疫情形势非常严峻,今后在采取有效措施预防控制呼吸道和血缘及性传播传染病的同时,要重点做好肺结核、病毒性肝炎、梅毒、艾滋病、麻疹、流行性脑脊髓膜炎等疾病的监测和防治。
Objective To understand the incidence and prevalence of notifiable infectious diseases in Shufu County, Xinjiang in the past 10 years and to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures of infectious diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of notifiable infectious diseases in Shufu County from 2004 to 2013. Results The county reported no case of pandemic (A) in 10 years. A total of 32 383 cases of type B and C were reported, with an average annual incidence of 1 020.96 / 100 000; there were 6 death reports of 36 cases, with an average annual mortality rate of 1.13 / 100,000. The overall incidence of infectious diseases showed an upward trend with little fluctuation of respiratory infectious diseases and a marked decrease of the incidence of intestinal infectious diseases. The incidence dropped from 289.95 / 100 000 in 2004 to 48.7 / 100 000 in 2013; blood and sexually transmitted diseases Showing a clear upward trend. The order of occurrence of infectious diseases changed. In 2004-2011, the first place of tuberculosis and the second place of residence in 2012 were viral hepatitis B, which ranked No. 2 from No. 3, No. 4 in 2004-2007 and ranked No. 2 in 2012 No. 1; syphilis and gonorrhea gradually into the top 5, syphilis ranked No. 3 in 2011. The top 5 incidences were tuberculosis, hepatitis B, mumps, dysentery and syphilis, accounting for 91.68% of the total reported cases. The top 3 deaths were AIDS, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, Accounting for 94.44% of the total reported deaths. Conclusion The epidemic situation of infectious diseases in Shufu County is very serious. In the future, effective measures should be taken to prevent and control respiratory and blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases. In the meantime, priority should be given to tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, syphilis, AIDS, measles, epidemic cerebrospinal Inflammation and other diseases monitoring and prevention.