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以曲靖市潇湘水源区为例,利用曲靖市沾益气象站1953~2009年间的日气象资料及潇湘水源区坝上站径流资料,结合水源区土壤数据、土地利用数据以及90m分辨率DEM,构建了潇湘水源区SWAT水文模型,研究了1986、2000、2009年不同土地利用类型下的水源区水文响应特征。结果表明,1986、2000、2009年不同土地利用类型下潇湘水源区耕地和未利用土地面积比逐渐增加,草地和林地面积比逐渐减少,这可能是导致2009年坡面径流深和径流深增加及实际蒸散减小的主要原因。
Taking Xiaoxiang water area of Qujing City as an example, the daily meteorological data of Zhanyi Meteorological Station in Qujing city and the runoff data of the dam upstream site in Xiaoxiang water source area were used. Based on the soil data, land use data and DEM with 90m resolution in the water source area, The SWAT hydrological model of Xiaoxiang water source area was used to study the hydrological response characteristics of water source areas under different land use types in 1986, 2000 and 2009. The results showed that the area ratio of cultivated land to unutilized land in Xiaoxiang water area under different land use types increased gradually and the ratio of grassland to woodland area decreased gradually in 1986, 2000 and 2009, which may lead to the increase of runoff depth and runoff depth in 2009 and The main reason for the decrease of actual evapotranspiration.