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引进外资是战后各国工业化的必由之路。然而,日本却被称做是最后一个不靠外资实现了工业化的国家。战后虽然日本也通过出让股份、接受贷款、吸收国外直接投资和同外国技术合作等形式引进了部份外资,弥补了内部资本积累的不足,但是,与其他国家不同,日本在资本自由化方面有很多独自的特点。战后日本引进外资的政策可归纳为如下几个特点: 1.严选制度。根据1950年日本政府所制定的“外资法”,对于希望引进的外资采取个别审查的严选制度。选择的标准是:①直接或间接地有利于改善国际收支者;②直接投资对于重要产业或公益事业的发展做出贡献者。对日本经济的复兴有不良影响者不得引进、基于上述几项标准,即对日本经济发
The introduction of foreign capital is the only way for the industrialization of all countries in the post-war period. However, Japan was called the last country that did not rely on foreign capital for industrialization. Although Japan introduced some foreign funds in the form of transfer of shares, acceptance of loans, absorption of foreign direct investment and foreign technical cooperation in the postwar period, it made up for the lack of internal capital accumulation. However, unlike other countries, Japan has made great efforts in capital liberalization There are many unique features. Post-war Japan’s policy of introducing foreign investment can be summarized as follows: 1. Strict system. According to the “Foreign Investment Law” promulgated by the Japanese government in 1950, a strict regime of individual examination of foreign capital that it hopes to introduce is adopted. The criteria for selection are: ① directly or indirectly conducive to improving the balance of payments; ② direct investment for the development of key industries or public welfare contributors. Those who have an adverse influence on the revival of Japan’s economy may not be introduced. Based on the above criteria, that is,