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目的了解内蒙古大兴安岭地区小学生乙肝疫苗接种现状、免疫效果及乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)携带情况,为进一步开展乙肝疫苗有效接种提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对大兴安岭地区5所小学6～14岁1749名小学生进行问卷调查,并收集血液标本,应用酶联免疫(ELISA)法检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(Anti-HBs)。结果内蒙古大兴安岭地区小学生乙肝疫苗接种率为92.2%,HBsAg阳性率为0.6%,Anti-HBs阳性率为63.2%;Anti-HBs阳性率有随免疫时间延长而减少的趋势(P<0.01),未免疫和免疫5a后的HBsAg阳性占HBsAg总阳性数的87.5%。结论大兴安岭地区乙肝疫苗接种工作取得了良好免疫效果,但应在乙肝疫苗接种3～5a检测乙肝表面抗体后,再次加强免疫。
Objective To understand the situation of hepatitis B vaccination, immune effect and HBsAg carrier among primary school students in Daxinganling, Inner Mongolia, and to provide basis for further effective vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine. Methods A total of 1749 pupils aged 6-14 years from 5 primary schools in the Greater Xing’an Mountains were enrolled in this study. A total of 1749 pupils were collected from the primary schools in the Greater Hinggan Mountains. Blood samples were collected. ELISA and Western blot were used to detect HBsAg, Anti-HBs. Results The vaccination rate of HBsAg among primary school students in Daxing’anling district of Inner Mongolia was 92.2%, the positive rate of HBsAg was 0.6%, and the positive rate of Anti-HBs was 63.2%. The positive rate of Anti-HBs decreased with the prolongation of immunization time (P <0.01) HBsAg positivity after immunization and immunization for 5 years accounted for 87.5% of the total positive number of HBsAg. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination in Daxing’anling area has achieved a good immunization effect, but immunization should be strengthened again after hepatitis B vaccine is administered for 3 ~ 5 years to detect HBsAg.