１９９３～１９９５年用５个Ｋ型小麦不育系与７个恢复系进行不完整双列杂交，分析杂种粒重杂种优势的遗传特性。结果表明，Ｋ型杂交小麦的粒重遗传符合加性——显性模型，加性效应更为重要，高粒重属增效基因，对低粒重为部分显性。根据Ｆ２方差、遗传力、亲本增效基因携带、相关回归及杂种优势分析，母本对杂种的粒重起主导作用，存在明显的母本效应，随母本粒重的增加，出现正平均优势和正超亲优势组合频率增加 In 1993-1995, 5 K-type wheat sterile lines and 7 restorer lines were used for incomplete diallel cross analysis to analyze the hereditary characteristics of hybrid grain weight. The results showed that the grain weight of K - type hybrids was in accordance with the additive - dominance model, and the additive effect was more important. The gene with high grain weight and additive efficiency was partly dominant to low grain weight. According to F2 variance, heritability, parents carrying efficiency gene, correlation regression and heterosis analysis, the female parent played a dominant role in the grain weight of hybrids, and there was a clear maternal effect. With the increase of the parental grain weight, a positive average advantage And are super-pro-dominant combination of increased frequency