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目的探讨电力女职工妇科常见病的患病率,主要病种及与年龄关系。方法按统一的妇科普查标准,对普查对象逐个询问病史,进行妇科普查及辅助检查。结果 2002年电力女职工普查565例,妇科常见病患,病率前四位是宫颈糜烂34.59%、宫颈肥大23.50%、阴道炎19.07%、乳腺增生17.70%,此外宫颈上皮内瘤变3.77%。宫颈糜烂患病率随年龄增加而下降,21～25岁年龄组患病率最高,为83.33%。宫颈肥大患病率随年龄增加而升高,41～45岁年龄组患病率最高,为38.98%,绝经期及绝经后期又下降(P<0.05)。阴道炎对21～25岁年龄组患病率33.33%,主要为念珠菌性阴道炎,31～35岁年龄组患病率为27.47%,主要为细菌性阴道炎,51～55 岁组为31.37%,主要为老年性阴道炎。乳腺增生31～35岁年龄组患病率为26.17%,与平均患病率差异显著(P<0.05)。宫颈上皮肉瘤变26～30岁年龄组患病率为8.93%,随年龄的增长而呈下降趋势,56岁以后为0,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论定期开展妇科普查、卫生知识宣教、降低女职工妇科常见病患病率,提高女职工健康水平及生活质量。
Objective To study the prevalence of gynecological common diseases among women workers in power industry, the main diseases and the relationship with age. Methods According to the uniform standard of gynecological census, the census subjects were asked about the medical history one by one, and the gynecological examination and auxiliary examination were conducted. Results 565 female employees in the general survey of gynecology in 2002, the prevalence of the first four were 34.59% of cervical erosion, cervix hypertrophy 23.50%, 19.07% of vaginitis, breast hyperplasia 17.70%, in addition to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3.77%. The prevalence of cervical erosion decreased with age, the highest prevalence in the 21 ~ 25 age group was 83.33%. The prevalence of cervical hypertrophy increased with age, the highest prevalence in the age group of 41-45 years was 38.98%, and then decreased in menopause and postmenopausal women (P <0.05). The prevalence of vaginitis in the 21 ~ 25 age group was 33.33%, mainly for Candida vaginitis, the prevalence was 27.47% in the age group of 31-35 years, mainly for bacterial vaginitis and 31.37 for the group of 51-55 years old %, Mainly for senile vaginitis. The prevalence of breast hyperplasia in 31-35 age group was 26.17%, which was significantly different from the average prevalence (P <0.05). The prevalence of cervical epithelial sarcoma in the age group of 26-30 years old was 8.93%, which showed a decreasing trend with age, and it was 0 after 56 years old (P <0.05). Conclusion Regular gynecological census, health knowledge and education, reduce the prevalence of gynecological common female workers, improve the health status of women workers and quality of life.