海洋灾害是自然灾害的一种,是由海洋作用形成或引发的、能造成生命伤亡与财产损失的事件。但本文所述的海洋灾害不同于一般自然灾害的分类方法。一般自然灾害以致灾因子划分,如气象灾害、水文灾害、地质灾害、生物灾害等。而我们所讨论的海洋灾害,既有“海洋作用”这个致灾因子,又有海洋区域为背景。它既包括气象,也包括水文、生物以及 Marine disasters are a kind of natural disaster, which are caused or caused by the ocean and can cause casualties and loss of property. However, the marine disasters described in this article differ from the general classification of natural disasters. General natural disasters to disaster factors, such as meteorological disasters, hydrological disasters, geological disasters, biological disasters and so on. However, the marine disasters discussed by us are not only the “ocean effect”, but also the marine area. It includes both meteorology, hydrology, biology and biology