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本文作者建立了一种一维作用响应型模式,来模拟盆地发育期间的压实、热演化、生油岩成熟、生烃与排烃的地质过程。此模式可用于计算一定条件下生油岩中排出油气的量。尽管此模式对沉积岩的物理、化学条件有所简化,但在对沉积盆地进行地质重建时,仍可作为一级近似使用。此模式在用于日本新泻(Nigato)地区时,可预测与排烃有关的最重要的参数,其中包括埋藏速率和生烃量。此模式还揭示,甚至在北新泻这样小的盆地里,排烃时间也因地而异。当排烃作用(有利时期)与构造发育一致时会形成大型油田;因而,对排烃时间的准确估算,乃是烃类勘探的关键。
The author established a one-dimensional response model to simulate the geological process of compaction, thermal evolution, source rock maturation, hydrocarbon generation and hydrocarbon expulsion during the basin development. This mode can be used to calculate the amount of oil and gas discharged from the source rock under certain conditions. Although this model simplifies the physical and chemical conditions of sedimentary rocks, it can still be used as a first-order approximation in geological reconstruction of sedimentary basins. When used in Japan’s Nigato region, this model predicts the most important parameters related to hydrocarbon expulsion, including burial rates and hydrocarbon generation. This model also reveals that even in such small basins as Niigata, hydrocarbon expulsion times vary from place to place. Large reservoirs are formed when hydrocarbon expulsion (favorable period) coincides with tectonic development; therefore, an accurate estimation of hydrocarbon expulsion time is the key to hydrocarbon exploration.