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恶性肿瘤的区域淋巴结转移是影响患者预后的主要因素之一。目前对口腔癌颈淋巴结转移的治疗方法主要有手术、放疗和全身化疗 ,但由于它们各自存在缺陷且毒副作用较大而难以达到满意的效果 ,探索对颈淋巴结转移灶高效低毒的治疗方法一直是治疗口腔癌的重大课题之一。随着药剂学的发展和人们对癌周毛细淋巴管特点的深入研究 ,目前国内外一些学者根据癌周毛细淋巴管独特的解剖生理特点 ,将抗癌药物与大分子物质和颗粒物质结合 ,制备成淋巴靶向性抗癌缓释药物剂型 ,经癌周局部注射 ,使药物通过淋巴引流到达区域淋巴结转移灶内 ,达到对转移淋巴结靶向长时间持续给药的淋巴化疗 (或药物淋巴清扫 )方式 ,由于具有高效低毒、创伤小和易推广应用的特点 ,因而它是极具有发展前景的一种新型治疗模式。本文总结了淋巴化疗的机理及在实体癌和口腔癌中的应用现状。
Regional lymph node metastasis of malignant tumors is one of the main factors affecting the prognosis of patients. At present, the treatment of cervical lymph node metastasis of oral cancer mainly includes surgery, radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. However, due to their respective defects and large toxic and side effects, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory results. The treatment of cervical lymph node metastasis with high efficiency and low toxicity has been explored One of the major topics in the treatment of oral cancer. With the development of pharmaceutics and the deep research on the characteristics of pericarcinoma of lymphatic capillaries, some scholars at home and abroad presently combine anti-cancer drugs with macromolecules and particulate materials according to the unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of lymphatic capillaries, Lymphatic targeted anticancer sustained-release drug formulations, local injection by the cancer week, the drug through the lymphatic drainage to reach the regional lymph node metastasis, lymph node metastasis to target long-term sustained lymphatic chemotherapy (or lymphatic drainage) Because of its characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, small trauma and easy application, it is a new treatment model with great development prospect. This article summarizes the mechanism of lymphatic chemotherapy and its application in solid and oral cancer.