目的　探讨少见类型肺不张的X线征象。方法　回顾性分析了 48例胸部X线误诊的少见类型肺不张 ,男 17例 ,女 3 1例。所有病例均由CT或纤维支气管镜证实。结果　 48例少见类型肺不张中 ,两肺上叶不张 16例 ,右肺中叶不张 2例 ,两肺下叶不张 3 0例。引起不张的主要原因是支气管肺癌、支气管扩张和支气管内膜结核等。结论　熟悉肺不张的各种X线征象是减少误诊的关键 Objective To investigate the X-ray signs of a rare type of atelectasis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 48 cases of chest X-ray misdiagnosis of rare types of atelectasis, 17 males and 31 females. All cases were confirmed by CT or fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Results 48 cases of rare type of atelectasis in both lungs atelectasis in 16 cases, right middle lobe atelectasis in two cases, two lung lobes atelectasis in 30 cases. The main cause of atelectasis is bronchial lung cancer, bronchiectasis and endobronchial tuberculosis. Conclusions It is the key to reduce misdiagnosis that familiar with the various signs of atelectasis