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通过马铃薯“3414”试验,利用回归分析,研究了氮磷钾配合施用对地膜覆盖栽培马铃薯商品率及经济目标等重要指标的影响。结果表明:氮磷钾配合施用能显著提高地膜马铃薯商品率及经济目标,经济目标提高效应随着肥力的降低而增大。商品率平均提高2.8~2.0个百分点、鲜薯产量提高16.6%~95.8%、商品薯产量提高20.3%~101.1%、产值提高18.9%~99%、收益提高15.4%~86.8%。施肥水平控制在经济合理范围内,方有较高的利用率,现阶段极限施肥量为纯氮340.95~221.4 kg hm-2、五氧化二磷177.75~158.55 kg hm-2、氧化钾0~77.85 kg hm-2;经济合理施肥量为纯氮293.85~221.1 kg hm-2、五氧化二磷148.5~151.95 kg hm-2、氧化钾0~55.2 kg hm-2。
Through the experiment of potato “3414 ”, regression analysis was conducted to study the effects of NPK combined application on important indexes such as commodity rate and economic goal of plastic film mulch. The results showed that the combination of N, P and K could significantly increase the commodity rate and economic goal of potato film mulching, and the increase of economic target increased with the decrease of fertility. The average product rate increased by 2.8-2.0 percentage points. The output of fresh potatoes increased by 16.6% -95.8%. The output of commercial potato products increased by 20.3% -101.1%. The output value increased by 18.9% -99% and the yield increased by 15.4% -86.8%. The fertilization level is controlled within a reasonable economic range and has a high utilization rate. At this stage, the ultimate fertilization amount is 340.95- 221.4 kg hm-2 of pure nitrogen, 177.75-158.55 kg hm-2 of phosphorus pentoxide, and 0-77.85 of potassium oxide kg hm-2. The economical and reasonable amount of fertilizer was 293.85 ~ 221.1 kg hm-2 of pure nitrogen, 148.5-151.95 kg hm-2 of phosphorus pentoxide and 0-55.2 kg hm-2 of potassium oxide.