论文部分内容阅读
目的评价洛阳市燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒综合防治项目干预效果,为制定地方病控制相关政策提供科学依据。方法分析健康教育开展效果;了解改炉改灶工程运行状况;测定玉米、辣椒氟含量。结果儿童氟斑牙患病人数1 758人,氟斑牙患病率为36.36%。项目实施后,病区改炉(灶)率为100.00%,炉(灶)合格率达到86.25%,对改炉(灶)满意率为86.25%。通过健康教育,小学生燃煤型地氟病防治知识知晓率由49.27%升高到90.83%(χ~2=42.000,P<0.001);家庭户主燃煤型地氟病防治知识知晓率由53%升高到87.3%(χ~2=27.524,P<0.001);自然晾晒辣椒行为形成率由60.53%提高到96.79%(χ~2=39.060,P<0.001);密闭保存粮食行为形成率由44.96%提高到90.24%(χ~2=46.154,P<0.001);烟囱出屋率由0%提高到88.69%(χ~2=160.360,P<0.001)。项目实施后,病区玉米氟含量和辣椒氟含量均下降(t’=2.1998~32.8250,P=0.001~0.05)。结论燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒综合干预项目实施效果良好,提高了居民地方病防治知识知晓率,促进了目标人群健康生活行为方式的形成,降低了居民氟暴露水平。
Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of the comprehensive prevention and control project of endemic fluorosis in Luoyang coal-fired pollution and provide a scientific basis for formulating policies related to endemic disease control. Methods Analysis of health education to carry out the effect; to understand the furnace operating conditions change stoves; determination of corn, pepper fluoride content. Results The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children was 1 758 and that of dental fluorosis was 36.36%. After the implementation of the project, the rate of rehabilitating stoves (stoves) in the wards was 100.00%, the qualified rate of stoves (stoves) reached 86.25% and that of stoves (stoves) 86.25%. Through health education, the awareness rate of prevention and treatment of coal-burning fluorosis among primary school-age children increased from 49.27% to 90.83% (χ ~ 2 = 42.000, P <0.001) (Χ ~ 2 = 27.524, P <0.001). The rate of natural drying of peppers increased from 60.53% to 96.79% (χ ~ 2 = 39.060, P <0.001) % Was increased to 90.24% (χ ~ 2 = 46.154, P <0.001). The occupancy rate of chimneys increased from 0% to 88.69% (χ ~ 2 = 160.360, P <0.001). After the implementation of the project, the fluoride content in corn and pepper in the ward decreased (t ’= 2.1998 ~ 32.8250, P = 0.001 ~ 0.05). Conclusion The coal-fired endemic fluorosis comprehensive intervention project has achieved good results, raising residents’ knowledge of prevention and control of endemic diseases, promoting the formation of healthy lifestyles and behaviors and reducing the level of fluoride exposure among residents.