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目的了解太原市某社区老年人慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)患病现状。方法采用随机抽样的方法,于2014年9月抽取某社区60岁以上的老年人360人作为调查对象,用自填式问卷调查的方法收集资料。调查内容包括社会人口学特征、行为生活方式、慢性病患病情况等。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果本次有效调查人数为355人,慢性病患病人数156人,慢性病患病率为43.9%,其中女性患病率高于男性,有医保的老年人慢性病患病率高于无医保的老年人,经常吸烟、每周饮酒3~4次的老年人慢性病患病率也高于其他组人群,对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。被调查老年人患病率排在前5位的慢性病依次为:高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病、类风湿性关节炎、心脏病。结论高血压和糖尿病是影响该社区老年人健康的主要疾病,不良行为生活方式与慢性病的发病密切相关。
Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) among the elderly in a community in Taiyuan. Methods A random sample of 360 elderly people over the age of 60 from a community was selected as the survey subjects in September 2014. Data were collected by self-contained questionnaire. The survey includes characteristics of social demography, behavioral lifestyle, prevalence of chronic diseases and so on. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The number of valid investigations was 355, the number of chronic diseases was 156, the prevalence of chronic diseases was 43.9%. The prevalence rate of females was higher than that of males. The prevalence of chronic diseases among those with Medicare was higher than that of those without Medicare , Smoking frequently, and the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly who drank 3 to 4 times a week were also higher than those in other groups. The differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05). Among the top 5 chronic diseases investigated, the prevalence rates of the elderly were as follows: hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis and heart disease. Conclusion Hypertension and diabetes are the major diseases that affect the health of the elderly in this community. The lifestyle of unhealthy behaviors is closely related to the incidence of chronic diseases.