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目的 分析疟疾流行及基本消灭疟疾后的防治效果 ,为进一步巩固灭疟成果提供依据。方法 收集历年疟疾防治资料 ,进行疟疾病原学、免疫学和昆虫学监测 ,处理疟疾疫点。结果 2 0世纪 5 0年代居民原虫率最高达83 .8% ,发病率达 82 98.92 /10万。经过几十年的反复查治 ,疟疾年发病率逐年下降 ,1977年降至 6.3 6/10万。 1987年经湖南省卫生厅考核 ,确认达到基本消灭疟疾标准。 1987～ 2 0 0 2年发热病人血检 5 742 6例 ,查出疟原虫阳性 15 63例 ,其中间日疟 15 3 8例 ,恶性疟 2 3例 ,间日疟与恶性疟混合感染 1例 ,三日疟 1例。 1987～ 2 0 0 2年疟疾年发病率 0 .0 4/10万～6.72 /10万 ,并呈逐年下降趋势 ,输入性疟疾占总病例数的 94.2 8% (15 15 /160 7)。通过对现症病人根治 ,结合流行季节周围人群预防服药和灭蚊工作 ,未发现二代病例和健康带虫者。结论 郴州市基本消灭疟疾后病例以输入性为主 ,但不能排除本地还有疟疾传播。在今后的疟疾防治工作中 ,应加强对进入高疟区回归人群的监测 ,巩固灭疟成果。
Objective To analyze the control effect of malaria epidemic and malaria elimination and provide basis for further consolidating the achievements of malaria control. Methods The data of malaria control over the past years were collected, and malaria etiology, immunology and entomology monitoring were conducted to deal with the malaria epidemic. Results In the 1950s, the population of protozoan protozoa reached 83.8%, with a prevalence of 82 98.92 / 100 000. After several decades of repeated investigation and treatment, the annual incidence of malaria has been declining year by year, dropping to 6.36 / 100,000 in 1977. In 1987 by the Hunan Provincial Department of Health assessment, confirmed the basic elimination of malaria standards. Between 1987 and 2002, 5 742 6 blood samples were collected from febrile patients. A total of 15 63 cases of Plasmodium positive were found, of which 15 38 were Plasmodium vivax, 23 were Plasmodium falciparum, and 1 was mixed infection with Plasmodium falciparum , Malaria on the 1st case. The annual incidence of malaria from 1987 to 2002 was 0.040 ~ 6.72 / 100000, showing a declining trend year by year. The imported malaria accounted for 94.28% (15/15 / 1607) of the total number of cases. Through the current disease patients, combined with epidemic seasons around the crowd to prevent medication and anti-mosquito work, did not find the second generation of cases and healthy worms. Conclusion The cases of basic elimination of malaria in Chenzhou City are mainly imported, but can not rule out the spread of malaria. In the future malaria prevention and control work, we should step up monitoring of people returning to the high malaria area and consolidate the achievements in eliminating malaria.