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本文记述了在我国新发现的鳗鲡爱德华氏病的症状和病原菌的特征。病鱼的症状表现为两大类型,以肾脏病变为主的肾脏型和以肝脏病变为主的肝脏型。从病鱼的内脏分离到7株菌,用其中的E86～205进行人工感染,100％的鳗鲡死亡,与自然发病的症状相似,从感染的鳗鲡上又重新分离到菌株E86-203。E86-203与E86-205以及其他菌株的特征也都一致。均为革兰氏阴性杆菌。菌体直,两端圆形,单个,大小为0.6—0.8×0.8—2.4微米。周鞭毛,运动,兼性厌氧,发酵葡萄糖产酸产气。氧化酶阴性,过氧化氢酶阳性,产生硫化氢。不能利用柠檬酸盐和丙二酸盐作为唯一的碳源,精氨酸脱氢酶阴性,赖氨酸脱羧酶阳性。属爱德华氏菌属的细菌。但是鸟氨酸脱羧酶阴性,能迅速利用纤维糖,不同于已报道的三个种(Edwardsiella tarda Ewing and McWhorter 1965,E.hoshinae Grirnont 1980,E.ictaluri Hawke 1981)中任何一个种,因此认为E86-205等菌株为一新种,定名为福建爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella fujianensis sp.nov.)。
This article describes the symptoms and pathogens of the newly discovered eel Edwards disease in our country. Symptoms of diseased fish manifested as two types, mainly kidney disease kidney disease and liver disease-based liver type. Seven strains were isolated from the internal organs of diseased fish, and artificial infection was carried out with one of the strains E86-205. 100% of the eels died. Similar to the naturally occurring symptoms, strain E86-203 was again isolated from the infected eel. The characteristics of E86-203 and E86-205 and other strains are also consistent. Gram-negative bacilli. Strains straight, both ends of a circular, single, the size of 0.6-0.8 × 0.8-2.4 microns. Week flagella, exercise, facultative anaerobic, fermentation of glucose acid production gas. Oxidase negative, catalase positive, produce hydrogen sulfide. Citrate and malonate can not be used as sole carbon source, arginine dehydrogenase negative, and lysine decarboxylase positive. The genus Edwardia bacteria. However, the ornithine decarboxylase is negative and can rapidly utilize cellulosic sugar, unlike any of the three reported species (Edwardsiella tarda Ewing and McWhorter 1965, E. hoshinae Grirnont 1980, E. ictaluri Hawke 1981), it is considered that E86 -205 and other strains of a new species, named Edwardsiella Fujian (Edwardsiella fujianensis sp.nov.).