目的:应用决策树模型分析先天性心脏病(先心病)体外循环复温后发生低体温的影响因素，为临床医护人员提供理论依据。方法:采用回顾性分析。选取2019年1月1日至4月30日上海儿童医学中心先心病手术患儿共711例为研究对象，建立决策树模型预测先心病体外循环术后低体温发生的危险因素。结果:决策树模型显示：体外循环方案、术前营养评分、患儿体表面积均为先心病体外循环复温后患儿发生低体温的高危因素。决策树模型在验证集上的准确性为86.45%，敏感性为77.14%，特异性为90.97%，受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.851(95%n CI：0.798~0.904)。n 结论:决策树模型在先心病体外循环术后预测低体温的发生有较高的价值，可从不同层面发现低体温发生的高危因素，并为临床医护人员对高危患儿采取预防性治疗和护理措施提供切实可行的参考。“,”Objective:To analyze the influential factors of hypothermia in congenital heart disease (CHD) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) rewarming using the decision tree model, thus providing theoretical basis for medical staff.Methods:A total of 711 CHD children who underwent surgery in the Shanghai Children′s Medical Center from January 1, 2019 to April 30, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.A decision tree model was established to predict the risk factors for hypothermia in CHD children following CPB.Results:The decision tree model showed that CPB program, preoperative nutrition score and body surface area were the high-risk factors for hypothermia in CHD children after CPB rewarming.The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity of the decision tree model were 86.45%, 77.14% and 90.97%, respectively, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.851(95%n CI: 0.798-0.904).n Conclusions:Decision tree model has a high application value in predicting hypothermia in CHD children following CPB.It contributes to identify the influential factors of hypothermia, and provides references for performing preventive treatment and nursing measures to control the risk of hypothermia.