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(一)爆破是采矿工业中的主要环节之一。二十余年来,爆破作业发生了许多重要的变化,铵油炸药、浆状炸药和乳化炸药的发明和推广应用以及恰当地选择最优爆破参数是这些变化的主要标志,使采矿各个操作环节发生了深刻的变化。国内外的实践表明,在采矿工业中只注意单项作业成本的降低是不够的,应该密切注意每项作业成本的变化对其它有关作业的影响,把注意力集中于增加产量、降低总成本的考虑上。我们在分析近年来国内外有关矿山合理增加炸药单耗,使用高威力炸药所获得的经济效益的基础上,强调指出,在爆破作业中
(A) Blasting is one of the major aspects of the mining industry. For more than 20 years, many important changes have taken place in blasting operations. The invention, promotion and application of ammonium explosives, grout explosives and emulsion explosives, as well as the proper selection of the optimum blasting parameters are the main symbols of these changes, A profound change has taken place. Practice at home and abroad shows that it is not enough to pay attention to the reduction of individual operating costs in the mining industry. We should pay close attention to the impact of changes in each operating cost on other related operations and concentrate on increasing output and reducing total costs on. Based on the analysis of the economic benefits gained from the reasonable increase of unit consumption of explosives and the use of high-power explosives in mines both at home and abroad in recent years, we emphasize that during blasting operations