ICU病人的院内感染造成很高的病残率与死亡率,一些临床试验采用口服和肠道外应用能消除或减少潜在病原菌而不影响消化道厌氧菌群抵抗移生作用的药物以减少院内感染,这种方法被称为消化道选择性除菌法(selective decontamination of the digestive tract)。作者对内科、外科以及创伤的,ICU病人进行研究,以进一步评价选择性口服抗生素以及肠道外给予头孢噻肟在预防院内感染的效果。方法:1986年至1989年期间选择病情需进ICU3天以上的病人,在剔除因感染接受过抗生素24小时以上、年龄在18岁以下、妊娠或对药物过敏者后,将150个病人随机分配至对照组和除菌组各75人。治疗组病人用头孢噻肟1.0g静注,q8h×3d(最多9次), Nosocomial infections in ICU patients cause high rates of morbidity and mortality, and some clinical trials use oral and parenteral applications to reduce or reduce nosocomial infections by eliminating or reducing potential pathogens without interfering with the anaerobic flora of the digestive tract , This method is called selective decontamination of the digestive tract. The authors studied medical, surgical and traumatic ICU patients to further evaluate the effectiveness of selective oral antibiotics and parenteral cefotaxime in preventing nosocomial infections. METHODS: From 1986 to 1989, patients who were admitted to ICU for more than 3 days were enrolled in a randomized trial of 150 patients randomized to receive antibiotics for more than 24 hours, under the age of 18, pregnancy or drug allergy The control group and the sterilization group of 75 people. Treatment group patients with cefotaxime 1.0g intravenous injection, q8h × 3d (up to 9 times),