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欧洲法院关于损害赔偿案件的司法实践是欧盟法制建设的一个重要方面。在欧盟法律制度下,任何自然人和法人可直接获得司法救济,只要后者能证明其所遭受的损害可归因于共同体机构或雇员。与大多数国内法相关实践相同,欧洲法院在涉及作为公权组织的共同体是否应承担赔偿责任问题方面,一般采用“过错责任”原则。考虑到共同体机构的立法行为往往涉及经济政策的选择,欧洲法院就可归因于共同体立法行为之赔偿责任确立了一般性标准。
The judicial practice of the European Court of Justice on damages cases is an important aspect of EU legal system construction. Under the EU legal system, any natural or legal person has direct access to judicial remedies provided that the latter can prove that the damage suffered could be attributed to the community body or employee. In common with most domestic law-related practices, the European Court of Justice generally adopts the principle of “fault liability” in relation to whether the community as a public-power organization should assume liability. Taking into account that the legislative conduct of community bodies often involves the choice of economic policy, the European Court of Justice has established a general standard of liability that can be attributed to the Community’s legislative conduct.