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目的掌握甘肃省天水市近年来突发公共卫生事件态势。方法利用网络直报系统的突发公共卫生事件案例库,描述、分析天水市突发公共卫生事件分布特征。结果 2005—2009年天水市达到国家《突发公共卫生事件应急预案》规定的突发公共卫生事件有78起。其中Ⅲ级事件3起(3.85%),Ⅳ级事件75起(96.15%),未见Ⅰ、Ⅱ级事件。波及人群罹患率34.88‰,死亡率0.14‰,病死率0.41%,事件起数年平均递增93.43%。突发公共卫生事件中学校发生54起(69.23%),村落19起(24.36%);传染病类事件70起(89.74%),其中流行性感冒(流感)、甲型H1N1流感、手足口病、流行性腮腺炎(流腮)是构成Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级事件的主要原因;食物中毒事件6起(7.69%)。5年中3—5月与10—12月是发生突发公共卫生事件的2个时间高峰,占事件总起数的67.94%。结论甘肃省天水市突发公共卫生事件起数总体呈上升趋势,以传染病和食物中毒为主,学校和村落为高发场所,季节性流感、甲型H1N1流感、手足口病、流腮疫情得到政府与社会高度关注。
Objective To grasp the trend of public health emergencies in Tianshui City, Gansu Province in recent years. Methods Using the case database of public health emergencies reporting by the direct reporting system, the distribution characteristics of public health emergencies in Tianshui City were described and analyzed. Results From 2005 to 2009, there were 78 public health emergencies in Tianshui City that met the requirements of the National Contingency Plan for Public Health Emergencies. There were 3 grade Ⅲ events (3.85%), 75 grade Ⅳ events (96.15%), and no grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ events. Affected the population attack rate of 34.88 ‰, the mortality rate of 0.14 ‰, the case fatality rate of 0.41%, the event an average of 93.43% increase over the years. Outbreaks of public health incidents occurred in 54 schools (69.23%) and 19 villages (24.36%) in schools; 70 (89.74%) were infectious diseases, of which influenza (Influenza A), Influenza A (H1N1), hand-foot-mouth disease Mumps (gruel) is the main cause of Grade III and IV events; 6 food poisoning incidents (7.69%). From March to May in 5 years and from October to December in 2005, it was the peak of two time of public health emergencies, accounting for 67.94% of the total number of incidents. Conclusions The incidence of public health emergencies in Tianshui City of Gansu Province is generally on the rise. The main infectious diseases and food poisonings are schools and villages with high incidence of epidemics, seasonal influenza, influenza A (H1N1), hand-foot-mouth disease The government and society are highly concerned.