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既往对于新生儿电解质紊乱问题,尤其早产儿,所知甚少。代谢反应针对新生儿宫外生活的正常代谢反应加以探讨。健康新生儿第1期为生后0～3天,此阶段突出的代谢特点是电解质、水、热卡和氮的负平衡。氮的平衡取决于分娩的窘迫程度和热卡摄入;氮排泄伴随于钾排泄,钾平衡是负的。通常,在第Ⅰ期钾/氮比值远大于3。因为出生时血浆钾浓度倾向于高值(5～8mmol/L)在出生几天后下降,某些过多的钾可能向细胞外液(ECF)中排出。在第Ⅰ阶段,钠、氯平衡
Previously little is known about electrolyte imbalance in newborns, especially premature infants. Metabolic response to the normal metabolism of ectopic neonatal life to be explored. The first phase of healthy newborn is 0-3 days after birth, and the prominent metabolic characteristics of this stage are the negative balance of electrolytes, water, heat card and nitrogen. Nitrogen balance depends on the degree of distress and heat card intake of childbirth; nitrogen excretion with potassium excretion, potassium balance is negative. Normally, the ratio of potassium to nitrogen in stage I is much greater than 3. Because plasma potassium concentrations at birth tend to be high (5-8 mmol / L), they decline after a few days of birth and some excess potassium may be excreted into the extracellular fluid (ECF). In Phase I, sodium, chloride balance