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以Prandtl边界层理论和摩擦噪声理论为基础,建立了高速列车车厢气固界面的噪声模型,分析了边界层内部的压力场、速度场和噪声分布情况。仿生猎隼表面织构,以表面织构产生微小的涡流场减小空气摩擦阻力,并设计了车厢表面的圆坑织构,分析了圆坑织构参数对摩擦噪声分布的影响。分析结果表明:优化织构的深径比、面积比与织构的拓扑结构可取得显著的降噪效果,与光滑界面相比,优化深径比的织构的摩擦噪声的最大降幅达到11dB,其他织构在一定高度能降低4～5dB。
Based on the theory of Prandtl boundary layer and friction noise theory, the noise model of the gas-solid interface of high-speed train car is established, and the pressure field, velocity field and noise distribution in the boundary layer are analyzed. The biomimicry falcon’s surface texture is micro-eddy current field generated by the surface texture to reduce the frictional resistance of the air, and the circular pit structure of the compartment surface is designed. The influence of the circular pit texture parameters on the frictional noise distribution is analyzed. The analysis results show that the depth-to-texture ratio, area ratio and topological structure of the optimized texture can achieve significant noise reduction effect. Compared with the smooth interface, the maximum decrease of the friction noise of the optimized depth-to-depth ratio texture reaches 11 dB, Other structures can reduce 4 ~ 5dB at a certain height.