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本例系女尸,约13岁,因Fallot四联症(Tetralogy of Fallot)术后死亡。胸腹腔解剖时发现,主动脉位于右侧,迷走神经走行及分支异常。下面分述如下。 一、主动脉:升主动脉始于左心室后,先行向左上,然后呈弓形跨向右下形成主动脉弓。降主动脉则下行于脊柱右侧,下腔静脉的后方。下行中逐渐左移至脊柱正前方,经膈主动脉裂孔入腹腔,仍行于脊柱正前方,至第四腰椎下缘分为左右髂总动脉。降主动脉分支无异常。主动脉弓的分支自左向右分别为:左头臂干、右颈总动脉、右锁骨下动脉。左头臂干上行至胸锁关节后方,距主动脉弓2.1 cm处分为左颈总动脉和左锁骨下动脉。在分叉处的后方,又有左椎动脉分出,向上入第六颈椎横突孔。左甲状颈干距分叉处2.1 cm处由左锁骨下动脉发出。
This example is a female corpse, about 13 years of age, died of postoperative Tetralogy of Fallot. Abdominal and abdominal anatomy found that the aorta is located on the right side of the vagus nerve and branch abnormalities. The following is described below. First, the aorta: Ascending aorta began in the left ventricle, first to the left, then arched crosswise to the right to form aortic arch. Descending aorta descending on the right spine, inferior vena cava rear. Descending gradually to the left in front of the spine, the diaphragm aorta into the abdominal cavity, still in front of the spine, to the lower edge of the fourth lumbar is divided into left and right common iliac artery. Descending aorta branch no abnormalities. Aortic arch branch from left to right are: left brachial artery, right common carotid artery, right subclavian artery. The left forearm stem up to the posterior thoracic joint, 2.1 cm away from the aortic arch at the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. At the bifurcation of the rear, left vertebral artery separation, up into the sixth cervical transverse foramen. The left cerclage distance bifurcation 2.1 cm at the left subclavian artery issued.