Wernicke脑病(WE)是一种因维生素B1缺乏引起的急性中枢神经系统代谢性脑病。WE的临床症状常不典型,极易漏诊和误诊。磁共振成像检查能很好地反映病损部位的异常信号,具有相当的特异性,可为WE的早期诊断提供帮助。WE是少数具有特异性治疗方法的神经系统急危重症之一,因此早期诊断和早期治疗对WE的预后有着重要的意义。及早大剂量补充维生素B1是治疗的关键。 Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is an acute central nervous system metabolic encephalopathy caused by vitamin B1 deficiency. WE’s clinical symptoms are often not typical, easily missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging can well reflect the abnormal signal lesions, with considerable specificity, which can be helpful for the early diagnosis of WE. WE is one of the few neurological critically ill patients with specific treatment methods. Therefore, early diagnosis and early treatment are of great significance for the prognosis of WE. Early high-dose vitamin B1 supplementation is the key to treatment.