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一、概述锅炉的散热损失是由于锅炉各部分,包括锅墙、锅筒、联箱、烟风道等处的温度高于周围空气而散失的热量。用q_5表示锅炉散热损失的百分率。影响q_5的因素是多方面的,有锅炉外表面积的大小(即与锅炉的容量有关)、炉墙结构、绝热保温材料的性能及厚度等。但在锅炉的热平衡计算中,历来用反平衡法确定锅炉的散热损失时,无论是对大型的电站锅炉,或是中小型工业锅炉,对q_5这一项,均是按锅炉的额定容量选取一经验值。这样经验方法仅考虑散热损失是随锅炉的容量而变化。而没有考虑到炉墙结构和绝热保温材料性能对q_5的影响。近年来随着锅炉炉墙结构的不断改进及保温材料的日新月异,新型的保温材料和绝
First, an overview of the boiler heat loss is due to various parts of the boiler, including pot walls, drums, headers, smoke duct, etc. The temperature is higher than the ambient air and the heat lost. Use q_5 to indicate the percentage of boiler heat loss. The factors that affect q_5 are many, including the size of the boiler’s external surface area (that is, the capacity of the boiler), the structure of the furnace wall, the performance and thickness of the thermal insulation material, and the like. But in the heat balance calculation of the boiler, the heat loss of the boiler has always been determined by the anti-balance method, no matter for a large power station boiler or a small and medium-sized industrial boiler, the one for q_5 is selected according to the rated capacity of the boiler Experience. This empirical method only considers the heat loss as a function of boiler capacity. But did not take into account the furnace wall structure and thermal insulation material properties of q_5 impact. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of boiler furnace wall structure and the ever-changing insulation materials, new insulation materials and must