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土壤动物是农田生态系统不可分割的组成部分,95%以上的昆虫(成虫、幼虫或蛹)直接生活在土壤中,数量巨大的土壤动物对土壤的形成发育及土壤物质能量的迁移转化起着重要作用。稻田是人类长期水耕熟化影响下形成的一种特殊土壤类型,由于稻田周期性淹水和耕作制度的改变,对土壤动物群落发生了深刻的影响。笔者试以不同耕作制稻田为对象,探讨稻田土壤动物的群落组成、数量变化与稻田耕作制度、越冬期环境的相关性,为建立良好的水稻生态环境和合理的稻田耕作制度提供基本依据。
Soil animals are an integral part of the agroecosystem. More than 95% of the insects (adults, larvae or pupae) live directly in the soil. A large number of soil animals play an important role in the formation and development of the soil and in the transfer and transformation of soil matter energy effect. Paddy rice is a special type of soil formed under the influence of long-term hydroponic maturation of mankind. Paddy fields have a profound impact on soil animal communities due to the periodic flooding of paddy fields and the change of farming system. The author attempts to study the correlation between the composition and quantity of soil fauna in paddy fields and paddy field farming system and overwintering environment, and provide the basic evidence for establishing good rice ecological environment and reasonable paddy farming system.