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目的了解广州市黄埔区社区婴幼儿社会认知发展状况及其影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究。选取广州市黄埔区3个社区卫生服务中心6～36月婴幼儿450例,使用婴幼儿社会认知发展筛查量表(中文版)及自编影响因素问卷进行筛查,统计和分析婴幼儿社会认知发展状况及其相关因素。结果 1)本样本筛查婴幼儿社会认知发展落后率为5.6%,男女比例1∶1,社会认知落后情况主要分布在运动发育、适应行为和语言发育三个领域(P<0.001);2)父母每天与子女相处时间少(<4h)、母亲孕期情绪不良和父亲性格内向为儿童社会认知发展落后的影响因素。结论婴幼儿社会认知发展落后情况并非罕见,在社区工作中应引起重视。同时,分析出的影响因素可为社区卫生服务工作提供针对性建议。
Objective To understand the social cognitive development of infants and toddlers in Huangpu District of Guangzhou and its influencing factors. Methods This study is a cross-sectional study. 450 children from 6 to 36 months in three community health service centers in Huangpu district of Guangzhou were selected for screening and statistical analysis of infants and toddlers by using the Social and Cognitive Development Screening Scale for Infants and Toddlers Social Cognitive Development and Related Factors. Results 1) In this sample screening, the backwardness rate of social cognition in infants and young children was 5.6%, the male to female ratio was 1: 1. The social cognition backwardness mainly distributed in the three domains of sports development, adaptation behavior and language development (P <0.001). 2) Parents less time with their children everyday (<4h), mothers’ mood disorder during the pregnancy and father’s introverted factors affect children’s social cognitive development. Conclusion It is not uncommon for infants and young children to develop backward social cognition, and should pay more attention to community work. At the same time, the influencing factors analyzed can provide some suggestions for the community health service.