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从这章开始,我们将介绍组成生物体的主要物质在生物体内是如何变化的,如何相互转化的,变化过程中的能量又是如何转化的,即物质代谢。首先要学习新陈代谢的有关概念,再学习具体的代谢途径。学习“新陈代谢的概念”这一节,要注意准确地掌握基本概念。如什么是新陈代谢?什么是合成代谢?什么是分解代谢?以及了解新陈代谢的特点。随着学习具体的代谢途径,对新陈代谢的认识会逐步具体、深入。在这一节中要简要介绍有关高能化合物的知识。要求掌握什么是高能化合物,并了解腺苷三磷酸(ATP)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸、甘油酸-1.3-二磷酸、乙酰CoA等是生物体内常见的高能化合物。对于ATP的结构应熟悉。1摩尔ATP水解成ADP时可释放出7.3千卡(30.5KJ)的能量。
From the beginning of this chapter, we will introduce how the main substances that make up an organism change in the living body, how they transform each other, and how the energy in the changing process transforms, namely, material metabolism. First, we must learn about the concept of metabolism, and then learn the specific metabolic pathways. Learn the “Metabolism Concept” section, pay attention to accurately grasp the basic concepts. What is metabolism? What is catabolism ?, and understanding the characteristics of metabolism. With the study of specific metabolic pathways, the understanding of metabolism will gradually and specifically, in-depth. In this section, we briefly introduce our knowledge about high-energy compounds. It is required to know what is a high-energy compound and understand that adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphoenolpyruvate, glycerate-1,3-diphosphate, acetyl-CoA and the like are high-energy compounds commonly found in the body. The structure of ATP should be familiar. Hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP to ADP releases 7.3 kcal (30.5 kJ) of energy.