目的阐明中美两国综合性医院急诊医学科道路交通伤患者的异同点,为两国在道路交通伤临床、教学和科研方面的进一步合作提供新思路。方法选取2013年11—12月中国浙江省人民医院急诊医学科和2013年7—9月美国纽约州立大学上州医科大学急诊医学科两家单位的道路交通伤患者作为调查对象。双方合作设计《MVC Survey Questionare》(中英文版),供两家单位开展问卷调查。调查方法为标准流行病学抽样调查。调查内容包括患者到达急诊医学科的方式、交通工具、损伤类型、影像学检查情况、会诊情况、转归等。结果共发放问卷425份,回收合格问卷399份,有效率为93.9%,其中中国有效问卷155份,美国244份。到达急诊医学科的方式:美国道路交通伤患者救护车使用率高于中国,自备车使用率低于中国(P<0.05)。交通工具:美国自行车、电动车、行人交通事故发生率低于中国,汽车交通事故发生率高于中国(P<0.05)。损伤类型:美国患者颅脑、皮肤软组织损伤发生率低于中国,胸部损伤、骨折发生率高于中国(P<0.05)。影像学检查:美国患者X线、CT检查率均高于中国(P<0.05)。两国住院率、病死率、救治成功出院率、入住ICU比例、急诊手术率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与美国相比,中国较少选择救护车转运道路交通伤患者。中国有更多类型的机动车涉及道路交通伤事故,中国道路交通伤患者中骑电动车、摩托车和行人的比例较高,这在一定程度上导致了中国颅脑损伤的比例远高于美国。另外,中国患者影像学检查率明显低于美国。上述差异为未来双方在道路交通伤临床、教学和科研方面开展进一步合作提供了新思路。 Objective To clarify the similarities and differences of road traffic injuries patients in the emergency department of general hospitals between China and the United States, and to provide new ideas for further cooperation between the two countries in the field of road traffic injuries, teaching and scientific research. Methods The road traffic injuries from two departments of Emergency Medicine of People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2013 to December 2013 and emergency medical department of State University of New York from July to September 2013 were selected as the subjects of investigation. The two sides co-designed “MVC Survey Questionare” (in both English and Chinese versions) for the two agencies to conduct a survey. The survey method is a standard epidemiological sample survey. The survey included how patients arrived at the emergency department of medicine, modes of transport, type of injury, imaging examination, consultation, outcome and so on. Results A total of 425 questionnaires were distributed and 399 questionnaires were returned, with an effective rate of 93.9%, of which 155 were valid in China and 244 in the United States. Access to Emergency Medicine: Ambulance usage in road traffic wounded in the United States was higher than in China, with a lower use of self-owned vehicles than in China (P <0.05). Transportation: The incidence of bicycle, electric vehicles and pedestrian accidents in the United States was lower than that in China, and the incidence of automobile accidents was higher than that in China (P <0.05). Injury Type: American patients with brain, skin and soft tissue injury was lower than in China, chest injury, the incidence of fractures higher than China (P <0.05). Imaging examination: US patients X-ray, CT examination rates were higher than China (P <0.05). The hospitalization rates, case fatality rates, successful discharge rates, ICU occupancy rates and emergency operation rates in the two countries were not significantly different (P> 0.05). Conclusions Compared with the United States, China seldom chose ambulances to transport road traffic injuries. More types of motor vehicles in China are involved in road traffic injuries. The higher proportion of Chinese patients with road traffic injuries riding electric vehicles, motorcycles and pedestrians, which to some extent led to a much higher proportion of craniocerebral injury in China than in the United States . In addition, the imaging examination rate of Chinese patients was significantly lower than that of the United States. The above differences provide new ideas for further cooperation between the two sides in the future on road traffic injuries clinics, teaching and research.