论文部分内容阅读
作者共解剖110只手,调查蚓状肌的起止、神经供给,测量起自指深屈肌腱上的长度以及其起端距腕横韧带下缘的距离。结果见蚓状肌的变异甚多,共完全属于教科书型者仅有49只手(44.5%)。蚓状肌起端的变异多于止端。各肌的变异以2蚓为最多(33例,30%),其次为3蚓(25例,22.7%),再次为4蚓(22例,20%),1蚓最为恒定,仅有8例变异(2.7%)。起端变异最多为2蚓的双羽状起端,起自食指及中指的指深屈肌腱(25例,22.7%)。其次为3蚓4蚓的单羽状起端,3蚓者祗起自无名指的指深屈肌腱,4蚓者起自相邻二深腱之一(3蚓5例、4.5%,4蚓12例,10.9%)。再次为1蚓2蚓之另有前臂起端以及2蚓3蚓之另有细腱起自指深屈肌腱等。止端的变异几全为8、4蚓的分叉止端,其肌腹向远侧分劈为二,分别止于相邻二指的指背腱膜(3蚓18例,16.4%,4蚓9例8.2%)。1例为4蚓止端错位,它起自小指的指深屈肌腱,止于无名指的指背腱膜。1、2蚓止端最恒定,无变异。蚓状肌之另有骨性止端借小肌束止于本指第一指节骨底未作为变异计算者,计1蚓6例,2蚓无,3蚓4例,4蚓16例。四个蚓状肌的长度不等,据共起点与腕横靭带下缘的距离推算,最长为2蚓,1蚓次之,再次为3蚓,4蚓最短。本调查所见蚓状肌的数目甚为恒定,110只手全为4个,无一多出或缺少之例。关于蚓状肌的神经供给,调查结果为:1蚓全由正中神经供给,4蚓全由尺神经供给。2蚓由正中神经供给者91例(82.7%),由正中及尺神经共同供给者18例(16.4%), 由尺神经供给者1例(0.9%)。3蚓由正中神经供给者12例(10.9%),由正中及尺神经共同供给者45例(40.9%),由尺神经供给者53例(48.2%)。在讨论中作者将本调查的结果和以前若干作者的报告做了此较,此外对蚓状肌的变异和种系发生及机能方面的问题亦略有所述。
A total of 110 human hands were dissected to investigate the onset and termination of lupus muscle and the nerve supply. The length of the tendon on the finger was measured, and the distance from the lower end to the lower edge of the transverse carpal ligament was measured. As a result, there were many variations in the vermiform muscle, with only 49 hands (44.5%) totally belonging to the textbook type. Lupus more than the beginning of the end of variation. The variation of each muscle was 2 flies (33 cases, 30%), followed by 3 flies (25 cases, 22.7%), again 4 flies (22 cases, 20% Variation (2.7%). The beginning of the variation of up to 2 feathers from the beginning of the double feather, from the index finger and middle finger refers to the deep flexor tendon (25 cases, 22.7%). Followed by a single feathering beginning of 3 earthworms, 4 earthworms, 3 earthworm only from the finger of the third finger pointing to the deep flexor tendon, 4 earthworms from one of two adjacent tendons (3 earthworms 5, 4.5%, 4 earthworms 12 Case, 10.9%). Again for 1 earthworm 2 earthworm another forearm start and 2 earthworms 3 another fine tendon from finger deep flexor tendon and so on. The ends of the variation of the whole number of 8,4 earthworms bifurcated ends, the distal division of the belly twins, respectively, to the adjacent two fingers dorsal aponeurosis (3 earthworms 18 cases, 16.4%, 4 earthworms 9 cases 8.2%). 1 case of 4 Worm end misplaced, it played since the little finger refers to the deep flexor tendon, stop the ring finger dorsal aponeurosis. 1,2 the most stable end of the worm, no variation. Lupus muscle of the other bony terminus by the small muscle bundle ends in this means the first finger joint bone base is not as variation calculation, accounting for 1 earthworm in 6 cases, 2 earthworm, 3 earthworms in 4 cases, 4 earthworms in 16 cases. Four lumbar muscle length ranging from a total starting point and the lower edge of the transverse carpal ligament, the longest projections of 2 earthworms, followed by 1 earthworm, earthworm again 3, 4 earthworm the shortest. The number of lupus muscles seen in this survey was very constant, with 110 of the full 4, with no exceptions or missing cases. About the lumbar muscle nerve supply, the survey results are: 1 earthworm all by the median nerve supply, 4 earthworms by the ulnar nerve supply. 2 earthworm from the median nerve supply in 91 cases (82.7%), by the median and ulnar nerve co-supply in 18 cases (16.4%), by the ulnar nerve supply in 1 case (0.9%). Fewer than 3 (10.9%) were fed by the median nerve, and 45 (40.9%) were co-fed by the median and ulnar nerves and 53 (48.2%) by the ulnar nerve donor. In the discussion, the author compares the results of this survey with previous reports of several authors, and also briefly discusses the variation in the earthworm muscle and the phylogenetic and functional aspects.