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油菜的寒害可分冻害和冷害两种,冻害是指油菜越冬期间温度降至零度以下,植株体内发生冰冻,造成叶片和植株受冻或死亡。冷害是指油菜抽苔开花期间,温度骤然下降,但仍处在零度以上,植株体内虽无结冰现象,但能引起各种生理障碍,主要表现为分段结实和落花落荚,产量下降。在贵州,油菜在苗期和抽苔开花期,常受低温寒流侵袭,使其生长发育和开花结实受到严重影响,产量下降。通过油菜抗寒生理的研究,提出相应的措施以增强油菜的抗寒性,对于油菜的丰产稳产,具有重要的意义。
Cold injury of rape can be divided into two kinds of cold damage and cold damage, frost damage refers to the temperature during rapeseed fell to below zero during freezing, freezing occurs in the body of the plant, causing the leaves and plants to freeze or die. Chilling injury refers to rape bolting flowering, the temperature suddenly dropped, but still above zero degrees, although no freezing phenomenon in the body of plants, but can cause a variety of physiological disorders, mainly for the segmental and falling flowers, yield decline. In Guizhou, rape at seedling and bolting flowering stage, often affected by cold and cold invasion, so that its growth and flowering and fruiting severely affected, the decline in production. Through the research of cold resistance physiology of rapeseed, the corresponding measures are put forward to enhance the cold resistance of rape, which is of great significance to the high and stable yield of rapeseed.