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目的为掌握衢州市乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)流行现状和人群免疫水平,评价我市儿童乙肝疫苗预防接种效果,为制订乙肝预防控制策略提供依据。方法按照多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取1~59岁自然人群623人,进行问卷调查,采集静脉血3mL,应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测HBV血清学指标。结果衢州市1~59岁人群HBsAg阳性率、抗-HBs阳性率和抗-HBc阳性率分别为5.78%、46.23%和24.56%;1~14岁人群HBsAg阳性率和抗-HBc阳性率低于15~59岁人群。1~4岁、5~9岁和10~14岁人群乙肝疫苗全程接种率为96.61%、97.30%和91.46%;首针及时接种率分别为91.53%、72.97%和34.15%;有乙肝疫苗免疫史人群HBsAg阳性率(0.89%)低于无乙肝疫苗免疫史人群(11.64%)。结论衢州市人群HBsAg阳性率特别是15岁以下年龄组已控制在较低水平,乙肝疫苗的广泛接种取得明显成效,但15~59岁人群HBsAg阳性率仍处于较高水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence in Quzhou City and the level of population immunity, and evaluate the effect of vaccination against Hepatitis B vaccine in our city, so as to provide the basis for formulating Hepatitis B prevention and control strategy. Methods According to the method of multistage random sampling, 623 natural population aged 1- 59 years were selected for questionnaire survey. Venous blood was collected for 3 mL, and serum HBV was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The positive rate of HBsAg, the positive rate of anti-HBs and the positive rate of anti-HBc were 5.78%, 46.23% and 24.56% in the population of 1-59 years old in Quzhou. The positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBc were lower in 1- 15 ~ 59-year-old crowd. The whole-course inoculation rates of hepatitis B vaccines of 1 ~ 4 years old, 5 ~ 9 years old and 10 ~ 14 years old population were 96.61%, 97.30% and 91.46%. The first inoculation rates were 91.53%, 72.97% and 34.15% The positive rate of HBsAg in history population (0.89%) was lower than that in the population without hepatitis B vaccine immunization (11.64%). Conclusion The HBsAg positive rate in Quzhou population, especially in the age group of 15 years and younger, has been controlled at a relatively low level. The widespread inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine has achieved remarkable results, but the positive rate of HBsAg in 15-59-year-old population is still at a high level.