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我国的药物学导源很早,远在原始社会,人们在采集和渔猎的过程中便逐渐发现了植物药和动物药。《淮南予·修务训》中有神农“尝百草之滋味”、“一日而七十毒”的记载,《书经·说命篇》亦有“药不瞑眩,厥疾弗瘳”的论述(即服药后如无反应,病是不会好的),表明古人在尝试和探索药物的过程中,不可避免地会出现某些中毒性的反应。到了夏商时代,奴隶们就发明了酿酒,而“醫”字从“酉”(酉就是酒,其字象酒坛之形),说明古代的药物与酒是分不开的,后世的酊剂与酒精消毒便是它的必然发展。梁代医药学家陶弘景曾经正确地指出,“藕皮止血,起自庖人;牵牛逐水,近出野老”,意即藕皮的止血作用是厨师的发现,而牵牛子的逐水利尿功能则是老农的认识。
The origin of pharmacology in our country was very early. It was far from the primitive society. People gradually discovered botanical and animal medicines in the process of gathering and hunting. “Huainan Yuxiu Training” includes Shennong’s “Taste of Herbs” and “One Day and Seventy Drugs” records. “The Book of Shuming and the Fatality of Life” also have “the medicine is not blind and the disease is evil”. The discussion (that is, if there is no reaction after taking the medicine, the disease is not good), indicating that the ancients will inevitably have some toxic reactions in the process of trying and exploring drugs. In the Xia and Shang dynasties, the slaves invented winemaking, and the words “medicine” from “酉” (酉 酉 is the wine, its shape as a jar of wine), which shows that the ancient medicine and liquor are inseparable, and the ancestors of the later generations are inseparable. Disinfection with alcohol is its inevitable development. Tao Hongjing, a medical scientist from Liang Dynasty, once correctly pointed out that “skin hemostasis starts from a person; cows pull water and come out of the wild,” meaning that the hemostatic function of the moult is the discovery of the chef, and that of the herd The function is the understanding of old farmers.