呼吸道感染(指感冒、支气管炎、肺炎等)是我国儿童第一位的常见多发病,是严重影响小儿生长发育的重要因素之一。据调查,每个儿童每年平均要得4～6次呼吸道感染,其中肺炎是我国5岁以下儿童死亡的第一位原因。由于人口稠密,空气污染,城市儿童比农村儿童更易患呼吸道疾病。因此,加强小儿呼吸道感染的防治,是当前一项迫切的任务。 Respiratory tract infections (cold, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.) are the most common childhood children in China. They are one of the most important factors that affect children’s growth and development seriously. According to the survey, each child receives an average of 4 to 6 respiratory infections per year, of which pneumonia is the first cause of death in children under 5 in our country. Urban children are more susceptible to respiratory diseases than rural children because of their dense population and air pollution. Therefore, strengthening the prevention and treatment of pediatric respiratory infections is an urgent task at present.