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目的了解天津市献血者HIV感染的流行特征,为更好地制定防控策略,保障用血安全提供依据。方法采用ELISA试剂盒法对2011年-2015年天津市血液中心698 702份无偿献血者血液样本进行HIV感染状况筛查,对初筛阳性样品采用免疫印迹法(WB法)进行感染状况确认;通过问卷调查收集确认阳性者的人口学特征等信息。结果2011年-2015年天津市血液中心无偿献血者中HIV平均感染率为0.017 3%,呈逐年升高趋势(χ~2=33.14,P<0.01)。男男性接触(MSM)是最主要的感染方式,占65.3%。HIV感染以男性为主,占90.1%;在年龄分布上以青壮年为主,其中≤30岁个体占62.8%。结论天津市无偿献血人群HIV感染率呈逐年升高趋势,应进一步加强防控措施和人群筛选策略,以确保血液安全。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HIV infection among blood donors in Tianjin and to provide basis for better prevention and control strategies and protection of blood safety. Methods The blood samples from 698 702 blood donors in Tianjin Blood Center during 2011-2015 were screened for HIV status by ELISA kit. The positive samples were screened by Western blot (WB method) Questionnaires were collected to confirm the demographic characteristics of positive persons and other information. Results The average infection rate of HIV among blood donors in Tianjin Blood Center from 2011 to 2015 was 0.017 3%, showing an increasing trend year by year (χ ~ 2 = 33.14, P <0.01). Men who have sex with men (MSM) are the most common form of infection, accounting for 65.3%. HIV infection was predominantly male, accounting for 90.1% of all cases; young adults were the most predominant in age distribution, with individuals ≤30 years of age accounting for 62.8%. Conclusion The HIV prevalence in blood donors in Tianjin is increasing year by year. Prevention and control measures and crowd screening strategies should be further strengthened to ensure blood safety.