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为了明确高原地区机插籼稻缓释氮肥与尿素配施的最佳比例,以川谷优7329为材料,在施氮量为150kg/hm~2和105 kg/hm~2水平下,研究了4种缓释氮肥与尿素配施比例(10∶0,7∶3,5∶5,3∶7)对机插籼稻产量与生长特性的影响。结果表明,不同施氮量间水稻产量差异不显著,缓释氮肥与尿素配施水稻产量由高到低为5∶5>10∶0>7∶3>3∶7。在相同比例下增加施氮量可以增加机插籼稻抽穗期高效叶片的长度,提高茎蘖数和抽穗期叶面积指数,但降低了氮肥农学利用效率和粒叶比。尿素所占比例越高成穗率越低,5∶5的处理水稻表观输出率和氮肥农学利用效率最高。高原地区机插籼稻最佳氮肥施用量为105 kg/hm~2,缓释氮肥与普通尿素配施比例为5∶5。
In order to clarify the optimum proportion of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea in high-altitude indica rice in plateau area, Effects of Slow - release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Urea Fertilization (10:0,7:3, 5:5, 3:7) on Yield and Growth Characteristics of Indica Rice. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the yield of rice between different nitrogen application rates. The yield of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer combined with urea was 5: 5> 10: 0> 7: 3> 3: 7. Increasing the amount of nitrogen application in the same proportion could increase the length of efficient leaves at indica rice heading stage and increase the number of stems and tillers and the leaf area index at heading stage, but decreased the agronomic efficiency and grain-leaf ratio of nitrogen fertilizer. The higher the proportion of urea, the lower the ear rate, the apparent output rate of 5: 5 rice and nitrogen fertilizer use the highest agronomic efficiency. The optimal nitrogen application rate for indica rice planting in plateau was 105 kg / hm ~ 2, and the ratio of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer to normal urea was 5: 5.