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目的了解梧州市大中专学生的健康状况及变化趋势。方法按照《2005年全国学生体质健康调研工作手册》的要求,对梧州市4所大中专学校2005—2009年入学的13 685名新生进行入学体检复查,并对体检资料进行统计分析。结果 5年间新生的体检合格率为34.80%(4 763/13 685),2005—2009年间各年度新生的体检完全合格率分别为30.84%(313/1 015)、48.07%(1 783/3 709)、34.52%(1 174/3 401)、27.38%(931/3 400)、26.02%(562/2 160),合格率总体呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男、女生的体检完全合格率分别为37.36%(2 081/5 570)、33.05%(2 682/8 115),男生体检合格率高于女生(P<0.05)。新生检出的疾病主要是视力不良(49.36%)、龋齿(13.83%)、乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性(10.37%)、贫血(9.57%)、色盲色弱(1.81%)、沙眼(0.51%)、肺结核(0.20%)。视力不良、龋齿、贫血检出率为女生高于男生(均P<0.05),乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性、沙眼、色盲色弱检出率为男生高于女生(均P<0.05)。结论梧州市大中专学生的健康水平应引起重视。应加强对视力不良、龋齿、贫血、HBsAg阳性和肺结核的防治,同时开展健康教育,建立健全学生健康档案,提高学生的整体健康水平。
Objective To understand the health status and trends of students in Wuzhou city. Methods According to the “2005 National Student Health Survey Working Handbook” requirements, we conducted a review of 13 685 freshmen enrolled in four colleges and secondary technical secondary schools in Wuzhou from 2005 to 2009, and analyzed the physical examination data. Results The passing rate of freshmen in the five years was 34.80% (4 763/13 685). The complete pass rate of freshmen in each year between 2005 and 2009 was 30.84% (313/1 015), 48.07% (1 783/3 709) ), 34.52% (1 174/3 401), 27.38% (931/3 400) and 26.02% (562/2 160), respectively. The overall pass rate showed a declining trend year by year with a significant difference (P <0.05). The passing rates of male and female students were 37.36% (2 081/5 570) and 33.05% (2 682/8 115), respectively. The passing rate of male students was higher than that of female students (P <0.05). Freshmen were diagnosed as having poor vision (49.36%), dental caries (13.83%), positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (10.37%), anemia (9.57%), color blindness weakness (1.81%), trachoma (0.51% Tuberculosis (0.20%). The detection rate of poor eyesight, dental caries and anemia were higher in girls than in boys (all P <0.05). The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen was higher in boys than in girls (all P <0.05). Conclusion The health level of students in Wuzhou should pay more attention. Should strengthen the eyesight, dental caries, anemia, HBsAg-positive and tuberculosis prevention and treatment, at the same time to carry out health education, establish and improve the health records of students and improve the overall health of students.