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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of alprostadil combined with Bailing Capsule in the treatment of chronic renal failure,and the influence of alprostadil combined with Bailing Capsule on residual renal function,renal hemodynamics,immune indexes and nutritional status. Methods 86 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) hospitalized in Wuhan integrated traditional Chinese and West Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of science and technology from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the study objects. They were randomly divided into control group and case group with 43 cases in each group. Two groups were given peritoneal dialysis treatment,the control group was given bailing capsule,the case group was given alprostadil injection on the basis of the control group. To observe the clinical effect of the two groups before and after treatment,and the changes of residual renal function,renal hemodynamics,immune index and nutritional status. Results The total effective rate of the case group was 97.68％,higher than 83.73％ of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). After treatment,the levels of bun,SCR,GFR,24h urinary protein quantity,resistance index,CRP,IL-6,TNF,CD8 + and SGA in the two groups were lower than those before treatment; the levels of renal blood flow,RRF,CD3 +,CD4 +,ALB,PA,TRF and Hb were higher than those before treatment; moreover,the improvement of serum inflammatory cytokines,residual renal function and renal hemodynamic indexes,immune indexes and nutritional status in the case group were significant The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 16.28％,higher than 6.98％ in the case group,with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Alprostadil combined with Bailing capsule can significantly improve the residual renal function,hemodynamics,immune index,reduce the degree of inflammatory response in patients with chronic renal failure.