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脑水肿是由于多种病因引起的脑细胞水肿而致的脑体积增大,颅内压增高,常危及生命。 治疗原则 一、去除病因,切断继续的诱发因素。 二、降低颅内压力,保持脑组织的灌注压。 三、改善脑缺氧及脑代谢障碍。 治疗方案 在治疗原发病的基础上,消除脑水肿与降低颅内压的基本方法是减少脑容积、脑脊液量、脑减压及改善脑循环(CBF)等。 (一)减少脑容积 此方案列为首选。 1.脱水治疗 (1)脱水原则 ①患者血压必须维持在80～90/50～60mmHg以上,肾功能良好;②脱水程度恰到好处,如两眼稍下陷,眼球张力减低,压之稍软,皮肤仍保持弹性。而平均动脉压维持在70
Brain edema is due to a variety of etiologies caused by brain cell edema caused by increased brain volume, increased intracranial pressure, often life-threatening. A treatment principle, remove the cause, cut off the induced factors. Second, reduce intracranial pressure, maintain brain perfusion pressure. Third, to improve cerebral hypoxia and cerebral metabolic disorders. Treatment programs in the treatment of primary disease, based on the elimination of cerebral edema and reduce the basic method of intracranial pressure is to reduce brain volume, cerebrospinal fluid volume, cerebral decompression and improve cerebral circulation (CBF) and so on. (A) to reduce brain volume this program as the first choice. 1. Dehydration therapy (1) the principle of dehydration ① patients with blood pressure must be maintained at 80 ~ 90/50 ~ 60mmHg above, good renal function; ② dehydration just right, such as slightly sagging eyes, eye tension decreased, the pressure of a little soft, Stay flexible. The mean arterial pressure was maintained at 70