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基于吉林省白城市1995～2009年用水量变化,根据信息熵和均衡度的概念分析用水结构的演变趋势,定量计算了农业用水的边际效益,分析水对农业产出的贡献程度。结果表明,白城市用水结构保持在一个低水平的有序状态,用水结构均衡度偏低,水要素对农业产值的贡献占所有投入要素的33.6%,远大于当地农业灌溉水费征收标准。建议白城地区在保证农业生产用水的基础上,增加工业、生活和生态用水,以促进用水系统的稳定性和合理性;同时适度调整农业灌溉水价,提高用水效率,减少农田灌溉的水资源浪费。
Based on the changes of water consumption in Baicheng, Jilin Province from 1995 to 2009, the marginal benefit of agricultural water was quantitatively analyzed according to the evolutionary trend of water use structure according to the concept of information entropy and equilibrium, and the contribution of water to agricultural output was analyzed. The results show that the water structure of Baicheng City is maintained at a low level and orderly structure, and the balance of water structure is low. The contribution of water elements to the output value of agriculture accounts for 33.6% of all input elements, much higher than the collection standard of local agricultural irrigation water fee. It is suggested that based on the guarantee of water for agricultural production, Baicheng District should increase industrial, living and ecological water use to promote the stability and rationality of water use system. At the same time, agricultural irrigation water price should be adjusted moderately to improve water use efficiency and reduce waste of water resources for farmland irrigation.