论文部分内容阅读
我们在上面几章研究过剩余价值的生产,知道剩余价值是由工人的剩余劳动創造的,工人受剝削的程度(即剩余价值率),是由劳动日中剩余劳动与必要劳动的比例决定的,資本家用絕对地延长劳动日的力法来增加剩余价值。由此可見,資本家榨取的剩余价值总量,是由可变資本量和剩余价值率决定的。也就是由一个劳动力价值,劳动者数和剝削率等因素决定的。这些因素的变化,会有多种結合,因而,在剩余价值量的决定上,有着三条定律。本章就是論述这些定律。
We have studied the production of surplus value in the above chapters, knowing that the surplus value is created by the worker’s surplus labor. The extent to which workers are exploited (ie, the surplus value rate) is determined by the ratio of surplus labor to necessary labor in Labor Day , Capitalists increase the surplus value by absolutely prolonging the working day. From this we can see that the total amount of surplus value squeezed by capitalists is determined by the amount of variable capital and the rate of surplus value. That is, it is determined by such factors as the value of the labor force, the number of workers and the rate of exploitation. There are many combinations of changes in these factors. Therefore, there are three laws in determining the amount of surplus value. This chapter deals with these laws.