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一、前言榨轴是螺旋式榨油机的关键部件。其性能要求除强度和刚度外,其螺旋工作表面还要有高的抗磨损能力。以往的榨轴一般采用组合结构,由轴芯,多节榨螺及锁母、平键连结组装而成(见图1),其材质为渗碳钢。对榨轴的失效分析认为:榨螺磨损失效原因主要是犁削磨损和变形疲劳磨损(1)。因而榨轴材料选用白口铸铁比渗碳钢更为合适,并且白口铸铁还有制造工艺简单、材料利用率高、价格低廉等优点。但白口铸铁韧性较差,加工困难。因此,采用钢质轴芯包覆白口铸铁的结构。为获得一定的白口深度,螺旋工作部分采用金属型。所生产的双金属榨轴已用于生产并取得了良好的经济效益。
First, the preface squeezing shaft is a key component of the screw press. Its performance requirements in addition to strength and stiffness, the spiral work surface but also have high wear resistance. The previous squeeze shaft generally adopts the combined structure, which consists of a shaft core, a multi-section squeezing screw and a lock key, and a flat key link assembly (see FIG. 1). The material is made of carburized steel. Analysis of the failure of the squeezing shaft: The main reason for the failure of the squeeze screw is the plow abrasion and deformation fatigue wear (1). Therefore, the selection of white shaft cast iron material is more appropriate than the carburizing steel, and white cast iron there are manufacturing process is simple, high utilization of materials, low prices and other advantages. But the white cast iron toughness, processing difficulties. Therefore, the use of steel shaft coated white cast iron structure. In order to obtain a certain white depth, the spiral part of the metal type. The production of bimetallic mandrel has been used for production and achieved good economic benefits.